TECHNOLOGY: 九月 2006

星期四, 九月 14, 2006

(VC++)VC使用MSXML解析XML文档,例子代码

现在XML文档应用的方面特别的多.
我把以前写过的一个例子帖出来,以备以后使用.
第一部分：DOM解析：
概述：DOM解析将会把一个完整的XML文档读进来，生成一个结构树。这样会要把XML文档全部都加载到内在中。所以解析起来的速度会要慢一些。

1、如何加载xml文件：

//创建DOM,加载XML文档
MSXML::IXMLDOMDocumentPtr pCommandDoc;
pCommandDoc.CreateInstance(__uuidof(MSXML::DOMDocument));
pCommandDoc->put_async(VARIANT_FALSE);
pCommandDoc->put_validateOnParse(VARIANT_FALSE);
pCommandDoc->put_resolveExternals(VARIANT_FALSE);
pCommandDoc->put_preserveWhiteSpace(VARIANT_TRUE);
pCommandDoc->load(file.GetBuffer(0));

2、在XML文档中查找指定的结点：

//找到
MSXML::IXMLDOMNodePtr pRootNode=pCommandDoc->selectSingleNode("root/record");
if (pRootNode==NULL)
{
return ;
}

3、得到XML文档中，结点的属性

CString strTemp;
MSXML::IXMLDOMNamedNodeMapPtr pAttrs = NULL;
pRootNode->get_attributes(&pAttrs);
if (pAttrs==NULL)
{
return;
}
MSXML::IXMLDOMNodePtr pRequestTypeAttr=pAttrs->getQualifiedItem("name","");
_bstr_t strRequestType=pRequestTypeAttr->Gettext();
strTemp=strRequestType.operator char *();

4、得到结点的内容

_bstr_t strVisiPort=pNode->Gettext();

5、设置结点的内容

HRESULT hr=pNode->put_text(_bstr_t(m_strGatewayPassword));

6、设置一个属性内容
IXMLDOMAttribute *pa=NULL;
bstr = SysAllocString(L"属性1");
pXMLDom->createAttribute(bstr,&pNode);
var = VariantString(L"strin");
pa->put_value(var);
pRoot->setAttributeNode(pa, &pa1);

第二部分、如何使用SAX解析

概述：SAX使用的是加载式的，将会把XML文档分断，加载到内存中。使用事件通知的方式，来表示找到结点。好像没有写文档的能力吧。它的速度要比DOM快不少。

使用SAX的时候，就需要重载MSXML4.0中的一个接口ISAXContentHandler。

有几个函数重载了之后，当找到了结点之后，就会回调这一些函数。

(VB.NET)使用性能计数器

Imports System
Imports System.Management

Module Module1
Public Sub Main()

Dim strComputer As String = "." , i, intValue As Integer
Dim colItems, objWMIService, objItem

objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")

For i = 1 To 5
Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000)
colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * From Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_Process Where Name = 'devenv'" )
For Each objItem In colItems
intValue = objItem.HandleCount
Console.WriteLine("打开的句柄数：" & intValue)
Next
Next
End Sub
End Module

使用Getobject
函数创建对象多用于脚本中，所以参数为WMI 脚本库的标记名 "winmgmts:" 和目标电脑名，上述的strComputer="." 相当于localhost ，若在远程计算机上执行则需将 "." 改这相应的计算机名。

其中：

ManagementObject：单个管理对象

ManagementClass：单个管理类

ManagementObjectSearcher：查询管理对象及管理类的集合

ManagementEventWatcher：监视来自 WMI 的事件

ManagementQuery：用作所有查询类的基础。

也可以从脚本中创建：

Set oLocator = CreateObject("WbemScripting.SWbemLocator") ' New SWbemLocator
If Err.Number <> 0 Then
MsgBox "Windows Management (WMI) 不能被创建" & Err.Description
WScript.Quit(0)
End If

----------------------------------------------------------------------
set locator = createobject(" WbemScripting.SwbemLocator")
set server = locator.ConnectServer ("\\192.168.0.1\root\cimv2","username","password")
set p_obj = server.execquery("select * form Win32_operatingsystem")

for each p_objswbem in p_obj
p_objswbem.reboot ' 从新启动
next

WMI 的有关概述请参考 MSDN 或 http://www.csdn.net/develop/Article/19/19157.shtm

(VB.NET)删除日志文件：（请先备份）

Imports System
Imports System.Management

Module Module1
Public Sub Main()
Dim strComputer = "."
Dim objWMIService, objLogFiles, objLogFile, logs, mylogs( 3)
objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:{impersonationLevel=impersonate,（Backup）}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
mylogs(1) = "application"
mylogs(2) = "system"
mylogs(3) = "security"
For Each logs In mylogs
objLogFiles = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_NTEventLogFile where LogFileName='" & logs & "'")
For Each objLogFile In objLogFiles
objLogFile.ClearEventLog()
Next
Next
End Sub
End Module

(VB.NET)读取日志记录

Imports System

Imports System.Management

Module Module1

Public Sub Main()

Dim strComputer = "magicdog"

Dim wbemServices, wbemObjectSet, wbemObject

wbemServices = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & strComputer)

wbemObjectSet = wbemServices.InstancesOf("Win32_NTLogEvent")

For Each wbemObject In wbemObjectSet

Console.WriteLine("日志文件：" & wbemObject.LogFile)

Console.WriteLine("记录号：" & wbemObject.RecordNumber)

Console.WriteLine("类型：" & wbemObject.Type)

Console.WriteLine("产生时间：" & wbemObject.TimeGenerated)

Console.WriteLine("源名称：" & wbemObject.SourceName)

Console.WriteLine("事件代码：" & wbemObject.EventCode)

Console.WriteLine("用户" & wbemObject.User)

Console.WriteLine("计算机名：" & wbemObject.ComputerName)

Console.WriteLine("信息：" & wbemObject.Message)

End Sub

End Module

(VB.NET)获取物理内存大小

Imports System
Imports System.Management

Module Module1
Public Sub Main()
Dim strComputer = "ComputerName" '计算机名
Dim wbemServices, wbemObjectSet, wbemObject
wbemServices = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & strComputer)
wbemObjectSet = wbemServices.InstancesOf("Win32_LogicalMemoryConfiguration")
For Each wbemObject In wbemObjectSet
Console.WriteLine("物理内存的大小（kb）：" & wbemObject.TotalPhysicalMemory)
Next
End Sub
End Module

(VB.NET)获取远程机器的目录以及文件信息

Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main()
Dim disk As ManagementObject = New ManagementObject( "win32_logicaldisk.deviceid=""c:""")
disk.Get()
Console.WriteLine("硬盘容量大小（bytes）： " & disk("Size"))
End Sub
End Module

(VB.NET)获取可用内存大小

Imports System
Imports System.Management

Module Module1
Public Sub Main()
Dim strComputer As String = "." , i, intValue As Integer
Dim colItems, objWMIService, objItem

objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
'重复执行 20 次检查
For i = 1 To 20
'产生内存快照
colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * From Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Memory")
For Each objItem In colItems
intValue = objItem.AvailableMbytes
Console.WriteLine("可用内存大小（MB）： " & intValue )
'延时 5 秒
Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000)
Next
Next
End Sub
End Module

(VB.NET)获取服务名

Imports System

Imports System.Management

Module Module1

Public Sub Main()

Dim strComputer = "ComputerName"

Dim wbemServices, wbemObjectSet, wbemObject

wbemServices = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & strComputer)

wbemObjectSet = wbemServices.InstancesOf("Win32_Service")

For Each wbemObject In wbemObjectSet

Console.WriteLine("服务名称：" & wbemObject.DisplayName)

Console.WriteLine("当前状态：" & wbemObject.State)

Console.WriteLine("启动模式：" & wbemObject.StartMode)

End Sub

End Module

(VB.NET)从新启动远程计算机：（需要权限）

Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main()
Dim co As ConnectionOptions = New ConnectionOptions
co.Username = "Admin" '登录的用户名称
co.Password = "12345678" 'Password
Dim ms As System.Management.ManagementScope = New System.Management.ManagementScope ("\\192.168.1.2\root\cimv2", co)
Dim oq As System.Management.ObjectQuery = New System.Management.ObjectQuery ("SELECT * FROM Win32_OperatingSystem")
Dim mos As ManagementObjectSearcher = New ManagementObjectSearcher(ms, oq)
Dim _query As ManagementObjectCollection = mos.Get()
Dim mo As ManagementObject
For Each mo In _query
Dim tmp() As String = {"" }
mo.InvokeMethod("Reboot", tmp)
Console.WriteLine(mo.ToString())
Next
End Sub
End Module

(VB.NET)Windows Management Instrumentation

WMI，是基于 Web Based Enterprise Management （ WBEM）的面向对象数据库，一个管理企业环境开发的标准接口。可以利用它访问本地主机的一些信息和服务、监视计算机、管理远程计算机 …

在VS.NET 中需要添加引用：System.Management.dll, 这样你的项目才能使用WMI 。

WMI 的使用灵活，但 class 也多，如： CPU 的系列号－Win32_Processor 、主板BIOS 的系列号－Win32_BIOS 、本地磁盘－Win32_LogicalDisk 、共享资源－ Win32_share等等，详细的 WMI 类名可以在MSDN 中查询 ms-help://MS.VSCC.2003/MS.MSDNQTR.2003FEB.2052/wmisdk/wmi/win32_classes.htm

也可以使用WMI Tools 管理WMI 服务的名称空间 http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=6430F853-1120-48DB-8CC5-F2ABDC3ED314&displaylang=en

用这个程序也可以获取WMI Class Name ：

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Dim WMI As Management.ManagementClass
Dim info As Management.ManagementObject
' 返回 WMI 的 Class Name 到 String Array
Private Function FindWMI(ByVal IndexString As String, ByVal Deep As Boolean) As String()
Try
Dim _WMIList() As String
WMI = New Management.ManagementClass
Dim options As New Management.EnumerationOptions
Dim chClass As String = Nothing
If Not IndexString Is Nothing Then
chClass = IndexString
End If
options.EnumerateDeep = Deep
For Each info In WMI.GetSubclasses(options)
If _WMIList Is Nothing Then
ReDim _WMIList(0)
Else
ReDim Preserve _WMIList(UBound(_WMIList) + 1)
End If
If chClass Is Nothing Then
_WMIList(UBound(_WMIList)) = (info.Item("__Class"))
Else
If info.Item("__Class").ToString.Substring(0, _
IIf(info.Item("__Class").ToString.Length > chClass.Length, _
chClass.Length, info.Item("__Class").ToString.Length)).ToLower = chClass Then
_WMIList(UBound(_WMIList)) = (info.Item("__Class"))
End If
End If
Application.DoEvents()
Next
options = Nothing
info = Nothing
WMI = Nothing
Return _WMIList
Catch ex As Exception
MsgBox(ex.Message, 16 + 0, ex.TargetSite.Name)
End Try
End Function
' 获取 WMI 的 Class Info 并将其写入输出窗口
Private Sub GetInfo(ByVal IndexString As String)
Try
If IndexString Is Nothing Then Exit Sub
Dim wmiClass As String = IndexString
WMI = New Management.ManagementClass(wmiClass)
Dim strInfo As String
Console.WriteLine("WMI Class is:" & wmiClass)
For Each info In WMI.GetInstances
' 将 WMI Class Info 写到输出窗口
Console.WriteLine(info.GetText(Management.TextFormat.Mof).ToString)
Next
info = Nothing
WMI = Nothing
Catch ex As Exception
MsgBox(ex.Message, 16 + 0, ex.TargetSite.Name)
End Try
End Sub

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

使用时：

Dim tmpStr() As String, i As Integer
'获取 WMI 的 Class Name
tmpStr = FindWMI(Nothing, True)
'列出 Class Name Array 中的第 559 个 Class 的 Info
GetInfo(tmpStr(559))
'列出物理内存的信息
GetInfo("Win32_PhysicalMemory")

(VB.NET)建立，结束进程

建立一个进程：

Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main()
Dim processClass As ManagementClass = New ManagementClass( "Win32_Process")
Dim inParams As ManagementBaseObject = processClass.GetMethodParameters("Create" )
inParams("CommandLine") = "calc.exe"
Dim outParams As ManagementBaseObject = processClass.InvokeMethod("Create" , inParams, Nothing)
Console.WriteLine("Creation of calculator process returned: " + outParams("returnvalue" ))
Console.WriteLine("进程 ID：" & outParams("processId"))
End Sub
End Module

结束一个进程：

Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main()
Dim service As ManagementObject = New ManagementObject( "win32_service=""winmgmt""")
Dim options As InvokeMethodOptions = New InvokeMethodOptions
options.Timeout = New TimeSpan(0, 0, 0 , 5)
Dim outParams As ManagementBaseObject = service.InvokeMethod("StopService" , Nothing, options)
Console.WriteLine("状态：" & outParams("Returnvalue"))
End Sub
End Module

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